Cranberry Research Today is a free monthly online journal that collates and summarizes the latest research about Cranberry, including details on benefits, antioxidants, utis, cystitis.

Therapy insight: What nephrologists need to know about primary vesicoureteral reflux.

Gargollo PC, Diamond DA

Harvard Medical School, and Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is the abnormal, retrograde flow of urine from the bladder to the upper urinary tract. This disease affects about 1% of otherwise normal children, 30-50% of those who present with urinary tract infections, and approximately 10% with prenatally diagnosed hydronephrosis. Over the past 50 years, tremendous progress has been made in the diagnosis, treatment and management of VUR. The realization that VUR is probably a component of generalized dysfunction of the lower urinary tract (i.e. dysfunctional elimination syndrome) has further enhanced understanding of the disease. This Review covers basic pathogenesis, diagnosis, management, clinical presentation, and current controversies surrounding VUR.

Published 26 September 2007 in Nat Clin Pract Nephrol, 3(10): 551-63.
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